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Australia is a linguistically diverse(дайвЕс) country with a rich tapestry(тЕпістрі) of accents and dialects. Investigating Australian English pronunciation helps in understanding this linguistic diversity, which is an integral part of the country's cultural identity.
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Australian English is a regional dialect of English which shares its phonemic inventory with Southern British English through the historical connection with the dialects of the British Isles (in particular London) in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Speakers of present-day Australian English fall into three major dialect subgroups: Standard Australian English, Aboriginal English and Ethnocultural(ефнокАлчурал) Australian English varieties. This investigation focuses on Standard Australian English (SAusE).
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At the end of the nineteenth century, there was a change in the perception of the Australian accent as a result of the establishment in England of a perfect standard of pronunciation, which was called Received Pronunciation (RP). In the discussion that follows, and elsewhere in this investigation, I also shall refer to it. The points are not meant to be comprehensive in explaining how Australian English differs from Received Pronunciation, but they cover the main general points.
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In Australian English, the front vowels in «hid»(хід), «head»(хед), and «had»(хеед) are elevated compared to Received Pronunciation. That’s why in the Australian accent, sound in «hid»(хід) sounds more like «heed»(хіід), «head»(хед) sounding more like «hid»(хід), and «had»(хеед) being closer to «head»(хед). The back vowels heard in the pronunciation of the sounds in «hard» and «hud» are fronted in Australian English relative(рЕлетів) to Received Pronunciation. This means that they are closer to the sound «had»(хеед).
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The sound in Australian «mate»(мейт) is the one most often commented on by non-Australians. Compared with Received Pronunciation, the diphthong heard in Australian «mate»(мейт) has shifted so that it is much closer to «mite»(майт). This leads to the perception that Australians say «rice»(райс) rather than «race»(рейс), «die»(дай) rather than «day»(дей). Compared with Received Pronunciation, the diphthong heard in Australian «buy»(бай) has shifted so that it is closer to «boy»(бой). This leads to the perception that Australians say «moy»(мой) rather than «my»(май), «hoyd»(хойд) rather than «hide»(хайд).
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It is often argued that compared with Received Pronunciation and many other Englishes Australian speech is very nasal. A.G.( Alexander George) Mitchell argues that the percentage of Australians with a degree of nasality in their speech is 3 or 4 per cent. Nevertheless, nasality is a feature that many have associated with Australian speech.
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It is often argued that compared with Received Pronunciation, Australian speech is flat or characterised by a drawl. There is certainly some truth. The perception that Australians speak with a drawl may also be the result of the fact that stress tends to be placed more evenly throughout a sentence. Mitchell gives the example of the sentence thank you very much: where an Received Pronunciation speaker would stress thank and much, an Australian speaker would also add a stress to very.
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Australians have a tendency to assimilate consonants and even create new words such as «Gloria Soame» (strine for «glorious home»). While it is true that elisions, assimilations, and weakening of consonants can operate in all Englishes, they are widely regarded as distinctively Australian. The best-known example internationally is the elision of the greeting «good day» into «g’day».
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The Australian accent is for the most part non-rhotic(рОУтік). This means that the pronunciation of the /r/ sound will never occur at the end of words. Where an American will say three separate sounds for the word car /kar/, an Australian native speaker will only say 2 /ka:/. Sometimes native speakers will pronounce it if linking two words closely but only if the next word contains a vowel sound at the start. For example: “The car is running on empty”.
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Let's try to be Australian and pronounce these words with an accent. In the video, you can see teacher Pete, who has been professionally teaching students to master the Australian accent for 20 years. Well, I will now turn on the video, and you repeat the words after it.
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In conclusion, this exploration reveals a rich tapestry of linguistic features that distinguish it as a unique regional dialect. In essence, this investigation contributes to a more nuanced appreciation of Australian English and its distinctive phonetic attributes.
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Here is a list of sources used and thank you for your attention!